{
  "meta": {
    "key": "battery_cost",
    "title": "Battery Cell Cost",
    "unit": "USD/kWh",
    "category": "Energy",
    "source": "Way / Ziegler & Trancik / BNEF, via Our World in Data",
    "sourceUrl": "https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/price-of-lithium-ion-battery-cells",
    "verified": "2026-09-06",
    "url": "https://exponentialtracker.com/curve/battery_cost",
    "csv": "https://exponentialtracker.com/data/battery_cost.csv",
    "json": "https://exponentialtracker.com/data/battery_cost.json",
    "retrievedFrom": "Compiled by Exponential Tracker and re-derived from the source named above. Rebuilt on every deploy, so re-fetch rather than trusting a saved copy to be current.",
    "rights": "The underlying data belongs to Way / Ziegler & Trancik / BNEF, via Our World in Data. This compilation may be reused with attribution to Exponential Tracker. No licence is claimed or implied over the source data.",
    "citation": "Exponential Tracker, \"Battery Cell Cost\", exponentialtracker.com/curve/battery_cost, data verified 2026-09-06. Underlying source: Way / Ziegler & Trancik / BNEF, via Our World in Data."
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "year": 1991,
      "value": 9210.2,
      "label": "$9,210/kWh, first commercial Li-ion"
    },
    {
      "year": 1992,
      "value": 7388.1
    },
    {
      "year": 1993,
      "value": 5881.8
    },
    {
      "year": 1994,
      "value": 6714.4
    },
    {
      "year": 1995,
      "value": 6301.9
    },
    {
      "year": 1996,
      "value": 5307.8
    },
    {
      "year": 1997,
      "value": 4545.3
    },
    {
      "year": 1998,
      "value": 3656.9
    },
    {
      "year": 1999,
      "value": 2769.9
    },
    {
      "year": 2000,
      "value": 2690.6
    },
    {
      "year": 2001,
      "value": 1878
    },
    {
      "year": 2002,
      "value": 1345.5
    },
    {
      "year": 2003,
      "value": 1040.4
    },
    {
      "year": 2004,
      "value": 930.9
    },
    {
      "year": 2005,
      "value": 802.54
    },
    {
      "year": 2006,
      "value": 687.3
    },
    {
      "year": 2007,
      "value": 655.84
    },
    {
      "year": 2008,
      "value": 687.66
    },
    {
      "year": 2009,
      "value": 612.58
    },
    {
      "year": 2010,
      "value": 550.72
    },
    {
      "year": 2011,
      "value": 524.6
    },
    {
      "year": 2012,
      "value": 539.69
    },
    {
      "year": 2013,
      "value": 490.89
    },
    {
      "year": 2014,
      "value": 434.27
    },
    {
      "year": 2015,
      "value": 331.94
    },
    {
      "year": 2016,
      "value": 259,
      "label": "LFP scale-up begins"
    },
    {
      "year": 2017,
      "value": 187
    },
    {
      "year": 2018,
      "value": 157
    },
    {
      "year": 2019,
      "value": 132
    },
    {
      "year": 2020,
      "value": 123
    },
    {
      "year": 2021,
      "value": 119
    },
    {
      "year": 2022,
      "value": 132
    },
    {
      "year": 2023,
      "value": 111
    },
    {
      "year": 2024,
      "value": 78,
      "label": "$78/kWh"
    }
  ]
}