{
  "meta": {
    "key": "genome_cost",
    "title": "Genome Sequencing Cost",
    "unit": "USD",
    "category": "Biology",
    "source": "NHGRI Sequencing Cost Data Table",
    "sourceUrl": "https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/DNA-Sequencing-Costs-Data",
    "verified": "2026-09-06",
    "url": "https://exponentialtracker.com/curve/genome_cost",
    "csv": "https://exponentialtracker.com/data/genome_cost.csv",
    "json": "https://exponentialtracker.com/data/genome_cost.json",
    "retrievedFrom": "Compiled by Exponential Tracker and re-derived from the source named above. Rebuilt on every deploy, so re-fetch rather than trusting a saved copy to be current.",
    "rights": "The underlying data belongs to NHGRI Sequencing Cost Data Table. This compilation may be reused with attribution to Exponential Tracker. No licence is claimed or implied over the source data.",
    "citation": "Exponential Tracker, \"Genome Sequencing Cost\", exponentialtracker.com/curve/genome_cost, data verified 2026-09-06. Underlying source: NHGRI Sequencing Cost Data Table."
  },
  "data": [
    {
      "year": 2001.75,
      "value": 95263072,
      "label": "Human Genome Project era: $95M"
    },
    {
      "year": 2002.24,
      "value": 70175437
    },
    {
      "year": 2002.75,
      "value": 61448422
    },
    {
      "year": 2003.24,
      "value": 53751684
    },
    {
      "year": 2003.83,
      "value": 40157554
    },
    {
      "year": 2004.08,
      "value": 28780376
    },
    {
      "year": 2004.33,
      "value": 20442576
    },
    {
      "year": 2004.58,
      "value": 19934346
    },
    {
      "year": 2004.83,
      "value": 18519312
    },
    {
      "year": 2005.08,
      "value": 17534970
    },
    {
      "year": 2005.33,
      "value": 16159699
    },
    {
      "year": 2005.58,
      "value": 16180224
    },
    {
      "year": 2005.83,
      "value": 13801124
    },
    {
      "year": 2006.08,
      "value": 12585659
    },
    {
      "year": 2006.33,
      "value": 11732535
    },
    {
      "year": 2006.58,
      "value": 11455315
    },
    {
      "year": 2006.83,
      "value": 10474556
    },
    {
      "year": 2007.08,
      "value": 9408739
    },
    {
      "year": 2007.33,
      "value": 9047003
    },
    {
      "year": 2007.58,
      "value": 8927342
    },
    {
      "year": 2007.83,
      "value": 7147571
    },
    {
      "year": 2008.08,
      "value": 3063820,
      "label": "Next-gen sequencing arrives"
    },
    {
      "year": 2008.33,
      "value": 1352982
    },
    {
      "year": 2008.58,
      "value": 752080
    },
    {
      "year": 2008.83,
      "value": 342502
    },
    {
      "year": 2009.08,
      "value": 232735
    },
    {
      "year": 2009.33,
      "value": 154714
    },
    {
      "year": 2009.58,
      "value": 108065
    },
    {
      "year": 2009.83,
      "value": 70333
    },
    {
      "year": 2010.08,
      "value": 46774
    },
    {
      "year": 2010.33,
      "value": 31512
    },
    {
      "year": 2010.58,
      "value": 31125
    },
    {
      "year": 2010.83,
      "value": 29092
    },
    {
      "year": 2011.08,
      "value": 20963
    },
    {
      "year": 2011.33,
      "value": 16712
    },
    {
      "year": 2011.58,
      "value": 10497
    },
    {
      "year": 2011.83,
      "value": 7743
    },
    {
      "year": 2012.08,
      "value": 7666
    },
    {
      "year": 2012.33,
      "value": 5901
    },
    {
      "year": 2012.58,
      "value": 5985
    },
    {
      "year": 2012.83,
      "value": 6618
    },
    {
      "year": 2013.08,
      "value": 5671
    },
    {
      "year": 2013.33,
      "value": 5550
    },
    {
      "year": 2013.58,
      "value": 5550
    },
    {
      "year": 2013.83,
      "value": 5096
    },
    {
      "year": 2014.08,
      "value": 4008
    },
    {
      "year": 2014.33,
      "value": 4920
    },
    {
      "year": 2014.58,
      "value": 4905
    },
    {
      "year": 2014.83,
      "value": 5731
    },
    {
      "year": 2015.08,
      "value": 3970
    },
    {
      "year": 2015.33,
      "value": 4211
    },
    {
      "year": 2015.58,
      "value": 1363,
      "label": "HiSeq X Ten era: the $1,000 genome"
    },
    {
      "year": 2015.83,
      "value": 1245
    },
    {
      "year": 2016.41,
      "value": 1176
    },
    {
      "year": 2016.66,
      "value": 1508
    },
    {
      "year": 2016.91,
      "value": 1356
    },
    {
      "year": 2017.16,
      "value": 1015
    },
    {
      "year": 2017.41,
      "value": 1333
    },
    {
      "year": 2017.66,
      "value": 1134
    },
    {
      "year": 2017.91,
      "value": 1844
    },
    {
      "year": 2018.16,
      "value": 1232
    },
    {
      "year": 2018.41,
      "value": 1463
    },
    {
      "year": 2018.66,
      "value": 1467
    },
    {
      "year": 2018.91,
      "value": 1392
    },
    {
      "year": 2019.16,
      "value": 993
    },
    {
      "year": 2019.33,
      "value": 606
    },
    {
      "year": 2019.58,
      "value": 942
    },
    {
      "year": 2019.91,
      "value": 695
    },
    {
      "year": 2020.16,
      "value": 645
    },
    {
      "year": 2020.41,
      "value": 702
    },
    {
      "year": 2020.66,
      "value": 689
    },
    {
      "year": 2020.91,
      "value": 512
    },
    {
      "year": 2021.16,
      "value": 851
    },
    {
      "year": 2021.41,
      "value": 454
    },
    {
      "year": 2021.66,
      "value": 562
    },
    {
      "year": 2021.91,
      "value": 552
    },
    {
      "year": 2022.16,
      "value": 525
    },
    {
      "year": 2022.41,
      "value": 525,
      "label": "NHGRI stops publishing here: $525"
    }
  ]
}